Women Psychology courses University Fiches révisions Femmes = Esprit complexe

Fiches de cours de psychologie sur les femmes Analyse Esprit féminin Licence Master Faculté, école

Psychologie (du grec psychè, âme, et logos, discours). - Pour la philosophie classique, conformément à l'étymologie, il s'agit de la science de l'âme. La chose est presque aussi ancienne que la philosophie; mais le nom ne date guère que du XVIIe siècle.

Wolf, s'il n'est pas absolument le premier qui s'en soit servi, est du moins le premier écrivain de quelque célébrité qui ait spécialement désigné par là une des divisions de la philosophie. Il faut ajouter que, si la science de l'âme est restée longtemps innommée, cela tient à ce qu'elle n'était point traitée comme une science distincte, mais demeurait pour ainsi dire incorporée aux autres parties de la philosophie, dont elle était considérée comme le soutien et le point de départ.

La psychologie est une discipline qui s’intéresse à l’évaluation et au diagnostic des problèmes concernant la pensée, les sentiments et le comportement. Il s’agit aussi d’aider les personnes à comprendre, surmonter et gérer leurs problèmes.
Il existe plusieurs branches dans la psychologie :
la psychologie clinique ; du travail ; sociale et familiale ; scolaire ; ou encore la neuropsychologie.

Citations de Freud sur les femmes

Freud et les femmes :
– “Après trente ans passés à étudier la psychologie féminine, je n’ai toujours pas trouvé de réponse à la grande question: Que veulent-elles au juste?”

– “Les femmes, c’est le continent noir”

– “Les femmes, peu aptes à la sublimation, souffrent d’un trop-plein de libido”

What do women want ?

Sigmund Freud famously asked the question, but he didn't have an answer. Even today, the question of what motivates female sexual desire continues to resound. Definitive answers have proven elusive.

What men want we understand quite well. In general, their sexual desire is orderly, consistent, and narrowly directed. A heterosexual man is heterosexual. If you show him heterosexual sex, his sexual physiology and subjective, reported desire rise in tandem. Homosexual sex will leave him cold both physically and emotionally. For men there is an excellent match between physiological arousal (as measured by penile tumescence) and level of reported desire.

On one hand, there is considerable evidence that women seek and place a premium on a sense of intimacy and emotional closeness with their sexual partners. The reasons for this seem clear and logical: Having but one uterus to fill with one fetus at a time, a woman gains no obvious evolutionary advantage from promiscuity. For women, possessing no seed to spread, sex with more people does not result in more potential genetic offspring. Moreover, women are at higher risk than men for sexual violence and sexually transmitted diseases, not to mention the unique risk of pregnancy. It pays for women to be careful in choosing their sexual partners.

In addition, the female orgasm is less reliably achieved than the male’s so their odds of enjoying casual or anonymous sex are lower. A woman who wants to increase her chances of enjoyment and minimize her chances of harm is better off getting to know her partner well before she gets to sex. From this logic follows the claim that women are bio-programmed to want relationships, not sex; that they need a stable, intimate relationship to feel aroused and are therefore built for sexual monogamy and marriage.

The field of the psychology of women provides feminist correctives to the theories and research that have omitted, trivialized, and distorted women’s experiences to fit into a male-biased structure. Thus, the field of the psychology of women recognizes the inequality of social and institutional power between women and men; makes values of the researcher central to scientific study; studies women’s behavior and experiences within social contexts across the life cycle; and advocates for change at the individual, organizational, and societal levels.

The field of the psychology of women also encourages individuals to critically analyze all subareas in psychology for their portrayal of women. The psychology of women addresses topics such as gender stereotyping, physical development across the female life cycle, theoretical perspectives on women’s personalities and mental health, women’s health issues, sexuality, reproductive rights and reproductive health, verbal and nonverbal communications by and about women, women and intimate relationships, career psychology of women, women and leadership, gender, power and violence against women, and equity and social change. The psychology of women also is concerned with intersectionalities among sex, race, class, age, ability, sexual orientation and national origin. Empirical research in the psychology of women is used in policymaking on issues such as work–life integration, day care, violence against women, and child abductions and missing children.

Researchers in the field of the psychology of women serve as expert witnesses in court cases on issues such as sexual harassment, race discrimination, child sexual abuse, rape, and intimate partner violence.

The field of the psychology of women is also referred to as feminist psychology since the objective of this discipline is to understand the individual within the larger political and social aspects of society.